Diatonic chords are built using the notes from a specific scale, one chord for each scale degree. In major keys, these chords follow a major, minor, minor, major, dominant seventh, minor, and diminished pattern. This structure helps create natural-sounding progressions within the key.
- Chords are derived from the major scale.
- Common progression patterns include I-IV-V and ii-V-I.
- Each chord has a specific function (tonic, dominant, subdominant).
Minor Keys
In minor keys, the diatonic chords are slightly different due to the natural, harmonic, and melodic minor scales. The typical structure is minor, diminished, major, minor, minor seventh, major, and augmented. The use of the harmonic minor scale raises the seventh degree, creating a stronger dominant chord.
- Chords are derived from the minor scale.
- Natural minor leads to a diminished fifth chord.
- Harmonic minor raises the seventh for a stronger resolution.
Functions of Diatonic Chords
Each diatonic chord in a key serves a specific function, helping to establish tonality and create musical tension and resolution. In major keys, the I (tonic), IV (subdominant), and V (dominant) chords are primary, while ii, vi, and iii serve as secondary. In minor keys, i, iv, and V7 are primary, with dim and II7 as secondary.
- Tonic: Establishes key (I in major, i in minor).
- Dominant: Creates tension, resolves to tonic (V in major, V7 in minor).
- Subdominant: Prepares for dominant (IV in major, iv in minor).
Common Progressions
Diatonic chord progressions leverage the natural relationships between chords to create coherent musical phrases. Some of the most common progressions include:
- I-IV-V-I: Classic resolution in major.
- i-iv-V-i: Common in minor.
- ii-V-I: Jazz standard, strengthens resolution.
- vi-IV-I-V: Popular in pop music.
These progressions utilize each chord's function to build tension and resolution, enhancing the music's emotional impact.