Extended Chords
Extended chords go beyond the standard triad by adding additional scale degrees, typically the 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th. These chords provide a richer harmonic structure and are commonly used in jazz and other genres that favor complex harmonies.
- Extended chords add 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th degrees to triads.
- They create a richer sound and are popular in jazz.
- Common types include 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th chords.
Examples of Extended Chords
| Chord Type | Structure | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7th | Triad + 7th | Cmaj7 | C-E-G-B |
| 9th | 7th + 9th | C9 | C-E-G-B-D |
| 11th | 9th + 11th | C11 | C-E-G-B-D-F |
| 13th | 11th + 13th | C13 | C-E-G-B-D-F-A |
Altered Chords
Altered chords modify one or more tones of the chord to create tension and resolve it, adding unique flavors to the harmony. This often involves changing the 5th, 9th, or 13th degrees (e.g., sharping or flatting them) and is prevalent in jazz to enhance chromaticism.
- Altered chords change specific notes for tension.
- Common alterations include sharped or flatted 5ths and 9ths.
- They resolve typical 7th chords, like V7, to create movement.
Examples of Altered Chords
| Chord Type | Alterations | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| V7#5 | Sharped 5th | C7#5 | C-E-G#-Bb |
| V7b9 | Flatted 9th | C7b9 | C-E-G-Bb-D♭ |
| V7#9 | Sharped 9th | C7#9 | C-E-G-Bb-D# |
| V7b13 | Flatted 13th | C7b13 | C-E-G-Bb-D-F# |