The preterite and imperfect tenses are essential tools in Spanish for expressing past actions. Understanding their differences will help you convey the right meaning and context in your sentences.

Overview

Preterite

The preterite tense is used to describe actions that are completed, specific, and finite in the past. It highlights events that have a clear beginning and end.

Imperfect

The imperfect tense is used for actions that are ongoing, habitual, or descriptive in the past. It emphasizes the process, background, or repeated nature of an event.

Key Differences

AspectPreteriteImperfect
Completed ActionsJuan trabajó en la oficina ayer.Juan trabajaba en la oficina cuando llovió.
Specific TimeEl juego terminó a las ocho.El juego empezaba cuando llegué.
Series of EventsMe levanté, me vestí, y salí de casa.
Habitual ActionsSiempre jugaba al fútbol los sábados.
DescriptionsLa casa era grande y tenía un jardín.
Background InfoMaría leía mientras yo estudiaba.

Examples

Preterite

(I bought a new car. – The action is completed.)
(Elisa visited her grandmother on Saturday. – Specific time.)

Imperfect

(I drove to school every day. – Habitual action.)
(The store was closed. – Description/background.)

Common Expressions

Preterite Indicators

Imperfect Indicators

Practice Sentences

  1. (Preterite) Ella (ir) al cine anoche.
  2. (Imperfect) Nosotros (jugar) en el parque todos los días.
  3. (Preterite) María (llegar) tarde a la reunión.
  4. (Imperfect) Cuando era niño, yo (tener) un perro.
  5. (Preterite) Ellos (ver) la película el fin de semana pasado.
By mastering the use of the preterite and imperfect, you'll be able to convey precise meanings and nuances in your storytelling.
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